- Home
- Cinema glossary
- Laser Projection
Laser projection vs xenon in cinemas
Laser projection replaces the xenon lamp in a cinema projector with a laser light source — either laser phosphor or RGB laser — trading higher capital cost for far lower running cost.
Also written: laser phosphor · RGB laser · xenon lamp
The three light sources
| Light source | How it works |
|---|---|
| Xenon lamp | The long-standing default. Lowest purchase price, but lamps lose brightness over their life and need replacing regularly |
| Laser phosphor | A blue laser excites a phosphor to make white light. Mid-range cost, long life, well suited to small and mid-size screens |
| RGB laser | Separate red, green and blue lasers. Brightest and widest colour, suited to large and premium screens; highest cost |
What actually changes for an operator
The operational difference is bigger than the picture difference. Laser light sources are rated for tens of thousands of hours rather than the low thousands of a lamp, they hold their brightness far more steadily, and they start instantly. That removes the lamp budget, the lamp changes, and the slow brightness drift that makes an ageing xenon room look tired.
The costs move to the front. A laser projector is a larger capital purchase, which is why it is often bought through a lease or a supplier finance arrangement, and why the decision is now a ten-year decision rather than a five-year one.
What to ask before buying
Rated life to what brightness, not just to failure. Whether the light source can be serviced or has to be swapped whole. Power draw and cooling, because some laser units change the booth's HVAC requirement. And speckle — a shimmering texture that RGB lasers can produce — and how the unit mitigates it. The projection suppliers page lists the manufacturers.
Frequently asked questions
Is laser projection better than xenon?
For most operators, yes over its life: steadier brightness, far longer life and no lamp changes, at a higher purchase price.
What is the difference between laser phosphor and RGB laser?
Laser phosphor uses a blue laser to excite a phosphor that produces white light; RGB laser uses separate red, green and blue lasers. RGB is brighter with wider colour and costs more.
How long does a cinema laser projector last?
Light sources are typically rated for tens of thousands of hours, compared with the low thousands for a xenon lamp — check the rating to a stated brightness, not just to failure.
Keep reading
Foot-Lambert
A foot-lambert (fL) is the unit cinema uses for screen brightness. The reference for 2D digital cinema is 14 fL, which…
Projection and playbackDCI-P3
DCI-P3 is the range of colours a digital cinema projector is required to reproduce — noticeably wider than the Rec. 709…
PLFPremium Large Format
A premium large format (PLF) auditorium is a room with a larger screen, better projection and sound and usually better…
IMBIntegrated Media Block
The IMB is the board inside the projector that decrypts the DCP, decodes the JPEG 2000 picture and feeds the light…
Material Exchange FormatMXF
MXF is the container format that holds the picture and sound track files inside a DCP — a wrapper, not a codec.
KDMKey Delivery Message
A KDM is a small XML file that unlocks an encrypted DCP — for one named playback device, and only between a start and…
J2KJPEG 2000
JPEG 2000 is the image codec used for the picture in every Digital Cinema Package. Each frame is compressed on its own…
Projection and playbackProjectionist
A projectionist is responsible for presenting films in a cinema. Since the move to digital, the job is mostly files…