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Audio description in cinemas
Audio description is a spoken narration of a film's key visual elements — action, settings, expressions, scene changes — delivered to blind and partially sighted viewers through a headset.
Also written: AD · descriptive video service · DVS · VI-N
How it gets from the distributor to the seat
The narration is recorded by the distributor and shipped inside the DCP as its own audio channel, commonly labelled VI-N (visually impaired narrative). It is not mixed into the main soundtrack. The cinema's sound processor routes that channel to a transmitter, and the patron hears it on a headset alongside the normal film sound in the room.
Because it is a separate channel, nothing about audio description changes the showing for anyone else. That is why, unlike open captions, it can be offered at every showing of a title that carries it rather than at special screenings.
What US federal rules require
| Rule | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Which auditoriums | Any auditorium exhibiting a digital movie distributed with audio description |
| Minimum devices | One working device for every two digital auditoriums, rounded up, and never fewer than two per cinema |
| Using existing kit | Assistive listening receivers may be used if they have at least two channels |
| Condition | Devices must be maintained, working and available to patrons promptly |
Source: 28 CFR §36.303(g)(4). Summary only; check the regulation and your counsel.
Where it usually fails
Almost never in the equipment, and almost always at the edges: the headset is not charged, the staff member on the counter does not know where the devices are kept, or the website gives no sign that the title carries description at all. A blind patron planning a trip needs to know before leaving home.
Treat it as a ticket attribute rather than as a piece of kit: mark it in the listing, make it filterable, and prompt the front-of-house team from the booking itself.
Frequently asked questions
What is audio description in a cinema?
A recorded narration describing on-screen action, settings and expressions for blind and partially sighted viewers, delivered through a personal headset while the film plays normally for everyone else.
How many audio description devices must a US cinema have?
At least one working device for every two auditoriums exhibiting digital films, rounded up, and no fewer than two per cinema, under 28 CFR §36.303(g)(4).
Does every film have audio description?
No. It is produced by the distributor, so it is only available where the distributor has recorded it and included it in the DCP.
Keep reading
Assistive Listening System
An assistive listening system (ALS) sends the soundtrack directly to a patron's receiver, headset or hearing aid, so…
AccessibilityOpen and Closed Captions
Open captions are displayed on the screen for the whole auditorium. Closed captions are delivered only to the patrons…
DCPDigital Cinema Package
A DCP is the standardised folder of files a cinema ingests and plays instead of a film print — compressed picture…